Qurbani Ke Chaar Din Kitaab o Sunnat Ki Roshni Mein:
Tehreer: Shaikh Maqbool Ahmed Salafi Hafizahullah
Qurbani Ibadat hai aur Ibadat ke saarey aa’maal tauqeefi hotey hain. Unhein theek usi tarah anjaam diya jayega jaisa shariyat se saabit hai. Sahih qaul ki roshni mein Qurbani Sunnat e Mo’akkadah hai jisey taaqat hai woh Qurbani karey aur jo taaqat nahi rakhta wo Qurbani na karey lekin jo qurbani ki taaqat rakhey aur Qurbani na karey us ke liye sakht wa’eed hai.
Is mukhtasar se mazmoon mein Qurbani kitney din hai is par Kitaab o Sunnat ki roshni mein bahes ki jayegi aur yeh dekha jayega ke Qurbani ke din teen (3) hain ya chaar (4)?
Qurbani kehtey hain:
وَهِيَ مَا يُذْبَحُ مِنْ النَّعَمِ تَقَرُّبًا إلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى مِنْ يَوْمِ الْعِيدِ إلَى آخِرِ أَيَّامِ التَّشْرِيقِ
Tarjumah: Na’am (yani cattle mein se makhsoos janwaron) mein se Allah Taala ke taqarrub ki khaatir jisey Eid ke din se le kar Ayyam e Tashreeq ke aakhir tak zabah kiya jaye woh qurbani hai.
(Mughni al Muhtaaj: 6 / 122 and Al-Iqnaa’: 2 / 277)
Qurbani ke dino mein “Ayyam e Tashreeq” ki badi ahmiyat hai, Ayyam e Tashreeq ka maf-hoom aur us ki ta'een se Qurbani ke dino ko jan-na bohot aasaan ho jayega.
Agarchey Ayyam e Tashreeq kuch ahl e ilm ke nazdeek chaar din hain magar rajeh (sab se sahih) qaul ke mutaabiq Ayyam e Tashreeq teen din hain yani 11, 12 aur 13 Zul-Hijjah. Tashreeq ka meaning hai: Roshan hona aur Chamakna. Tareekh (history) se pata chalta hai ke Arab waley Hajj kartey waqt Ayyam e Tashreeq yani 11, 12 aur 13 Zul-Hijjah ko Qurbani ka gosht kaat kaat kar Mina ki pahadiyoon par sokhney ke liye rakh detey jab us par sooraj ki shu’aa (rays) padti to gosht chamak uthta is wajah se unhein Ayyam e Tashreeq kaha jaaney laga.
Ayyam e Tashreeq Ke Teen (3) Din:
* Ayyam e Tashreeq ke pehley din ko Yaum ul Qurr «يَوْمُ الْقُرّ» (yani theharney ka din) kaha jaata hai kiyunki us din Hujjaj (Pilgrims, Hajis) Mina mein thehartey aur raat guzartey hain.
* Ayyam e Tashreeq ka doosra din Yaumun nafrul awwal «يَوْمُ النَّفْرِ الْأَوَّل» (yani nikalney ka pehla din) kehlata hai, us din Haji ko Rami e Jamarat (رمی جمرات) ke baad sooraj doobney se pehlay ta’jeel karney ki ijazat hai.
* Ayyam e Tashreeq ka teesra din Yaumun nafrus saani «يَوْمُ النَّفْرِ الثَّانِي» (Mina se nikalney ka doosra din) kehlata hai, yeh Hajiyon ke liye Rami e jamarat ka aakhri din hai, Rami (رمی) ke baad Mina chor detey hain.
Allamah Ibn e Hajar Rahimahullah Ayyam e Tashreeq ki wajah e tasmiyah (naam rakhney ki wajah) bayan kartey huwe likhtey hain:
وَسُمِّيَتْ أَيَّامَ التَّشْرِيقِ لِأَنَّ لُحُومَ الْأَضَاحِيِّ تُشَرَّقُ فِيهَا أَيْ تُنْشَرُ فِي الشَّمْسِ ، وَقِيلَ : لِأَنَّ الْهَدْيَ لَا يُنْحَرُ حَتَّى تُشْرِقَ الشَّمْسُ
Tarjumah: Ayyam e Tashreeq (yani 11, 12 aur 13 Zul-Hijjah) ko Ayyam e Tashreeq is liye kaha jata hai ke un dino mein Qurbani ke gosht ko dhoop mein sookhney ke liye failaya jaata hai. Is silsiley mein yeh baat bhi kahi gayi hai ke (in dino ko Ayyam e Tashreeq is liye kaha jata) kiyunki Qurbani ke janwar sooraj chamakney se pehlay zabah nahi kiye jatey.
(Fatah ul Baari: 4 / 242)
Maulana Inaamullah saheb Qaasmi likhtey hain:
Is qaul ‘yani wajah e tasmiyah waley qaul’ ki wajah se Ayyam e Tashreeq jitney dinon ke liye bola jaayega, un dino ka talluq zabeeha aur Qurbani se hoga. Kiyunkai kisi aisey din ko jis mein Qurbani jaayez na ho, Tashreeq ka din nahi kaha jaa sakta isliye jab yaumun nahar (Qurbani ka din yani 10 Zul-Hijjah) ke baad teen (3) dino ko ummat ke ijmaa’ ke saath Ayyam e Tashreeq kaha gaya hai to Qurbani bhi yaumun nahar (Qurbani ka din yani 10 Zul-Hijjah) ke baad teen (3) dino tak jaayez hogi.
(Ayyaam e Qurbani, Page No: 22)
Ayyam e Tashreeq ka maf-hoom jan-ney se yeh baat bilkul wazeh ho jaati hai ke Qurbani ke chaar (4) din hain aik din (yani yaumun nahar) to Qurbani ke naam se hi jaana jaata hai baqi teen (3) din Ayyam e Tashreeq ke naam se jaaney jaatey hain. Yeh baat Quran o Hadees, Aasaar e Sahaba aur Tabi’een aur A’immah ke aqwaal se bhi saabit hai.
Qurbani Ke Char (4) Din Ke Dalail Quran e Kareem Se:
Allah Taala ne Quran e Majeed mein Farmaya hai:
وَاذْكُرُوا اللَّهَ فِي أَيَّامٍ مَعْدُودَاتٍ ۚ فَمَنْ تَعَجَّلَ فِي يَوْمَيْنِ فَلَا إِثْمَ عَلَيْهِ وَمَنْ تَأَخَّرَ فَلَا إِثْمَ عَلَيْهِ ۚ
Tarjumah: Aur Allah Taala ki yaad in ginti ke chand dinon (yani Ayyam e Tashreeq) mein karo, do (2) din ki jaldi karney waley par bhi koi gunah nahi, aur jo peechay reh jaye us par bhi koi gunah nahi….
(Surah Baqarah, Surah No: 2 Ayat No: 203)
Mazeed doosri jagah Farmaya:
وَيَذْكُرُوا اسْمَ اللَّهِ فِي أَيَّامٍ مَعْلُومَاتٍ عَلَىٰ مَا رَزَقَهُمْ مِنْ بَهِيمَةِ الْأَنْعَامِ ۖ
Tarjumah: Aur in (Ayyam e Tashreeq ke) maloom dinon mein Allah ke diye huwe chaupaayon par Allah ka naam zikr karen.
(Surah Al-Hajj, Surah No: 22 Ayat No: 28)
Ayyaam e Maloomat (ايام معلومات) aur Ayyaam e Ma’doodat (ايام معدودات) Ayyam e Tashreeq hi hain, is par ummat ka ittefaaq hai. Imam Raazi aur Allamah Shaukani Rahimahumallah wagera ki kitaab dekh satkey hain. {Tafseer Kabeer (Imam Razi): 5 / 208) and Fat-hul Qadeer (Shaukani): 1 / 205}
Ta’jeel ke do (2) din aur Takheer wala aik din, poorey teen (3) din bantey hain. In teen dino mein Qurbani ke janwaron ko Allah ka naam ley kar zabah karney ka hukm diya gya hai. Goya Ayyam e Tashreeq Zul-Hijjah ki 11, 12 aur 13 tareekh hue aur Zul-Hijjah ki dus (10) tareekh to sabhi ko maloom hai usay yaumun nahar (yani Qurbani ka din) kaha jaata hai.
Is tarah Allah ki aasmani kitaab Quran ne yeh faisla kar diya ke Qurbani ke char (4) din hain. Aur woh hain: Yaumun nahar (yani 10 Zul-Hijjah) aur Ayyam e Tashreeq (yani 11, 12 aur 13 Zul-Hijjah).
Chaar (4) Din Qurbani Ke Dalail Sahih Ahadees se:
Is silsiley mein bhi kai Ahadees hain. Kuch ka yahan zikr kiya jaa raha hai.
Pehli Hadees:
أنَّ النبيَّ صلَّى اللهُ عليهِ وسلَّمَ قال لرجلٍ من غِفارٍ قُمْ فأذِّنْ أنه لا يدخلُ الجنَّةَ إلا مؤمنٌ وأنها أيامُ أكلٍ وشربٍ أيام مِنًى زاد سليمانُ بنُ موسى وذَبحٍ يقول أيامُ ذبحٍ
Tarjumah: Aik Sahabi se marwi hai ke Allah ke Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne aik Ghaffari Sahabi se kaha ke tum khadey ho jaao aur elaan kar do ke jannat mein sirf momin hi jayenge aur Ayyam e Mina (Ayyam e Tashreeq) khaney peeney ke din hain. Ibn e Jareej kehtey hain ke un ke shaikh Sulaiman bin Musa ne isi Hadees ko bayan kartey huwe zabah ke lafz ka izafah kya hai, yani woh yeh bhi riwayat kartey they ke yeh zabah ke din hain.
{Silsila :As-Saheehah (Albani): 5 / 620}
Is Hadees mein Ayyaam Mina ka zikr hai. Ayyaam e Mina ma’roof (famous) hain, yeh teen din hain 11, 12 aur 13 Zul-Hijjah. In ayyaam (dino) ko khaney aur peenay ka din kaha gaya hai jis se saaf zahir hai ke yeh ayyaam (din) Qurbani ke hain. Balki kuch riwayaat mein zabah ki bhi sarahat aai hai ke ayyaam e Mina zabah (Qurbani) karney ke ayyaam (din) hain jis se ma’ney ki ta’een mein madad milti hai.
Yeh riwayat Hadees ki kai Kitaabon mein bhi maujood hai, aik jagah hai:
أَيُّها الناسُ إن رسولَ اللهِ صلَّى اللهُ عليهِ وسلَّم قال : إنها لَيْسَتْ أيامَ صومٍ إنها أيامُ أكلٍ وشُرْبٍ .
Tarjumah: Hazrat Ali Radhiallahu Anhu elaan kar rahay they ke aye logo! RasoolAllah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ka farmaan hai: Yeh ayyaam (Ayyam e Tashreeq) rozay ke nahi hain balki khaney aur peenay ke hain.
(Sahih Ibne Khuzaima: 2147)
Aik jagah Hadees ke yeh alfaaz hain:
”إنها أيام طعم وذكر“
Yani yeh khanaey aur zikr karney ke ayyaam (din) hain.
Yeh Hadees Imam Muslim Rahimahullah ki shart par hai. {Dekhen: Irwa ul Ghaleel (Albani): 4 / 131}
Sahih Muslim mein is tarah se hai:
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بَعَثَهُ وَأَوْسَ بْنَ الْحَدَثَانِ أَيَّامَ التَّشْرِيقِ فَنَادَى " أَنَّهُ لاَ يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ إِلاَّ مُؤْمِنٌ . وَأَيَّامُ مِنًى أَيَّامُ أَكْلٍ وَشُرْبٍ
Tarjumah: Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne K’ab bin Maalik Radhiallahu Anhu aur Aus bin Hadathan Radhiallahu Anhu ko Ayyam e Tashreeq mein bheja ke woh elaan kar den ki jannat mein sirf momin hi jayengey aur ayyaam e Mina (Ayyam e Tashreeq) khaney peenay ke din hain.
(Sahih Muslim: 1142)
Doosri Hadees:
يَوْمُ عَرَفَةَ وَيَوْمُ النَّحْرِ وَأَيَّامُ التَّشْرِيقِ عِيدُنَا أَهْلَ الإِسْلاَمِ وَهِيَ أَيَّامُ أَكْلٍ وَشُرْبٍ
Tarjumah : Arafah ka din, Qurbani ka din aur Ayyam e Tashreeq hamari Eid hain aur yeh khaney peenay ke ayyaam (din) hain.
(Abu Dawood: 2419, Tirmidhi: 773 and Nasai: 3004)
Is Hadees ko Sheikh Albani Rahimahullah ne Sahih Tirmidhi mein, Sahih Nasai mein aur Sahih Abu Dawood mein Sahih kaha aur “Irwa ul Ghaleel: 4 / 130” mein Muslim ki shart par qarar diya hai.
Is Hadees mein Eid ke din ko Ayyam e Tashreeq se alag kiya gaya hai jo is baat ki khuli Daleel hai ke Ayyam e Tashreeq Eid ke baad se terah (13) tareekh tak hai.
Teesri Hadees:
كلُّ أيامِ التشريقِ ذَبحٌ
Kai Sahaba e Kiraam is Hadees ko riwayat kartey hain. Jubeer bin Mut’im, Abu Sa’eed Khudri aur Abu Hurairah Radhiallahu Anhum riwayat kartey hain ke Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne farmaya: Tashreeq ke saaray din zabah (Qurbani) ke din hain.
{Silsila As-Saheehah (Albani): 2476}
Is Hadees ko Shaikh Albani Rahimahullah ne Hasan kaha hai.
Yeh Hadees mukhtasar magar meaning ke aitbaar se bohot wazeh hai ke Ayyam e Tashreeq Qurbani ke ayyaam (din) hain. Is ma’ney ki thodi lambi riwayat is tarah hai.
Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ka farmaan hai:
كُلُّ عَرَفَةَ مَوْقِفٌ وَارْفَعُوا عَنْ عُرَنَةَ وَكُلُّ مُزْدَلِفَةَ مَوْقِفٌ وَارْفَعُوا عَنْ بَطْنِ مُحَسِّرٍ وَكُلُّ فِجَاجِ مِنًى مَنْحَرٌ وَكُلُّ أَيَّامِ التَّشْرِيقِ ذَبْحٌ
Tarjumah: Poora Arafat wuqoof (theharney) ki jagah hai aur Uranah se hat kar wuqoof karo (thehro) aur poora Muzdalifah wuqoof (theharney) ki jagah hai aur Waadi e Muhassir se hat kar wuqoof karo (thehro) aur Mina ka har raasta Qurbani ki jagah hai aur Tashreeq ke tamam din zabah karney ke din hain.
{Sahih ul Jami’(Albani): 4537}
Chunkey Ayyam e Tashreeq Qurbani aur khaney peenay ke din hain is wajah se un dino mein Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne roza rakhney se mana farmaya hai:
نهَى عن صومِ ستَّةِ أيَّامِ من السَّنةِ : ثلاثةُ أيَّامِ التَّشريقِ ، ويومُ الفِطرِ ، ويومُ الأضحَى ، ويومُ الجمعةِ مختصَّةٌ من الأيَّامِ
Tarjumah: Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne saal mein che (6) dino ka roza rakhnay se mana kya hai. Woh hain teen din Ayyaam e Tashreeq ke, Eid ul Fitr ka din, Eid ul Azha ka din aur dino mein se khaas Juma ke din.
{Silsila As-Saheehah (Albani): 2398}
Aik doosri jagah in dino ke mutalliq Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ka farmaan hai:
من كان صائمًا فليُفطرْ فإنهنَّ أيامُ أكلٍ وشربٍ
Tarjumah: Jo rozay se ho woh roza tod day kiyunki yeh khanay aur peenay ke din hain.
* Is ki Sanad Jayyid hai.
{Silsila As-Saheehah (Albani): 7 / 1540}
Upar zikr kiye gaye dalail ki roshni mein chaar (4) din Qurbani ka wazeh saboot milta hai, aksar ahl e ilm ki bhi yahi raaye (opinion) hai Imam Shaukani Rahimahullah ne Hadees “كل أيام التشريق ذبح” Ko samney rakhtey huwe yeh istedlaal kiya hai:
أَنَّ أَيَّامَ التَّشْرِيقِ كُلَّهَا أَيَّامُ ذَبْحٍ ، وَهِيَ يَوْمُ النَّحْرِ وَثَلَاثَةُ أَيَّامٍ بَعْدَه
Tarjumah: “Tamam Ayyaam e Tashreeq zabah ke din hain aur woh Yaumun Nahar (Qurbani ke din) ke baad teen (3) din hain”.
{Nail ul Awtaar (Shaukaani): 5 / 125}
Chaar Din Qurbani ka suboot Sahaba e Kiraam Se:
Kai Sahaba e Kiraam se bhi chaar (4) din Qurbani ka Qaul aur Amal milta jin se upar zikr kiye gaye dalail ki mazeed wazahat aur Ta'eed hoti hai:
عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ : الْأَضْحَى ثَلَاثَةُ أَيَّامٍ بَعْدَ يَوْمِ النَّحْرِ
Tarjumah: Hazrat Abdullah bin Abbas Radhiallahu Anhuma farmatey hain: Qurbani Yaumun Nahar (yani 10 Zul-Hijjah) ke baad teen (3) din (yani 11, 12 aur 13 Zul-Hujjah ke din) hai.
(Sunan al Kubra Lil-Baihaqi: 9 / 499)
Is ki Sanad Zaeef hai lekin isi maf-hoom ki baat Ibn e Abbas Radhiallahu Anhuma se kai sanadon se manqool hai jis se is riwayaat ki ta’eed hoti hai.
Isi tarah Imam Nawawi Rahimahullah ne Sahih Muslim ki sharah mein Imam Shafi'ee Rahimahullah ka maslak batatay huwe likha hai:
قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ : تَجُوزُ فِي يَوْمِ النَّحْرِ وَأَيَّامِ التَّشْرِيقِ الثَّلَاثَةِ بَعْدَهُ
Tarjumah: Imam Shafi'ee Rahimahullah farmatey hain ki Qurbani Yaumun Nahar (Qurbani ka din) aur us ke baad teen (3) din Ayyaam Tashreeq mein karna jaayez hai.
Us ke baad Imam saheb ne Sahaba samet is maslak ke qaeleen (قائلین) ke kuch naam zikr kiye hain. Ibaarat (sentence) is tarah hai:
وَمِمَّنْ قَالَ بِهَذَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ، وَجُبَيْرُ بْنُ مُطْعِمٍ ، وَابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ ، وَعَطَاءٌ ، وَالْحَسَنُ الْبَصْرِيُّ ، وَعُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ وَسُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ مُوسَى الْأَسَدِيُّ فَقِيهُ أَهْلِ الشَّامِ ، وَمَكْحُولٌ وَدَاوُدُ الظَّاهِرِيُّ وَغَيْرُهُمْ
Tarjumah: Yani Imam Shafi'ee Rahimahullah ke mauqif ki tarah Ali bin Abi Taalib, Jubair bin Mut’im, Ibn e Abbas, Ata , Hasan Basri, Umar bin Abdul Aziz, Sulaiman bin Musa Asadi (Shaam ke faqeeh), Mak-hool aur Dawood Zahiri wagera ka bhi mauqif hai.
Zaad ul Ma’aad mein Allamah Ibn e Qaiyim Rahimahullah likhtey hain:
قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ : أَيَّامُ النَّحْرِ يَوْمُ الْأَضْحَى ، وَثَلَاثَةُ أَيَّامٍ بَعْدَهُ
Tarjumah: Ali bin Abi Talib Radhiallahu Anhu ka qaul hai: Ayyaam e Nahar (yani Qurbani ke din) Eid ka din aur us ke baad teen (3) din hain.
Imam Ibn e Qaiyim Rahimahullah aagey likhtey hain:
Ahl e Basrah ke Imam Hasan, ahl e Makkah ke Imam Ata bin Abi Rabah, ahl e Shaam ke Imam Auzaa’ee Rahimahumullah aur fuqaha e ahlehadees ke Imam Shafi'ee Rahimahullah ka maslak yahi hai aur Ibn e Munzir Rahimahullah ne bhi isay hi ikhtiyar kiya hai, aur is liye kiunki teen (3) din yeh Mina aur Rami e Jamarat (رمی جمرات) ke saath khaas hain, aur yahi Ayyaam e Tashreeq hain, aur in ke rozay rakhna haram hai, pas jab yeh teeno din in tamam ahkam mein aik jaisay hain (barabar hain) to phir bagair kisi daleel aur Ijma ke zabah karney (yani Qurbani karney) ke jaayez honay mein kaisey farq kiya jaa sakta hai.
Aur do mukhtalif wajhon se Nabi Kareem Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam se marwi hai jsimein se aik doosrey ko taqwiyat deta hai. Aap Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne farmaya:
”كُلُّ مِنًى مَنْحَرٌ ، وَكُلُّ أَيَّامِ التَّشْرِيقِ ذَبْحٌ“
Tarjumah: Mina saara ka saara nahar karney ki jagah hai, aur saaray ke saaray Ayyaam e Tashreeq zabah karney ke din hain.
(Zaad ul Ma’ad: 2 / 291)
Chaar Din Qurbani Ka Suboot Taba’een Se:
Sahaba e Kiraam ke alawah ummat ke bohot se Taba’een aur Taba’ Taba’een se chaar (4) din Qurbani ka suboot milta hai. Abhi abhi Imam Nawawi Rahimahullah ke kalaam se kuch Sahaba aur Taba’een ka mauqif maloom ho gaya.
Ata bin Rabah, Hasan Basri, Ameer ul Mo’mineen Umar bin Abdul Aziz, Imam Zohri, Ibrahim Nakha’ee, Mak-hool, Awzaa’ee aur Sulaiman bin Musa Rahimahumullah se chaar (4) din ki Qurbani ka mauqif ahl e ilm ne apni kitabon mein naqal kiya hai.
(1) Imam Tahhawi Rahimahullah farmatey hain:
Imam Hasan aur Imam Ata ne kaha hai ke Qurbani Ayyaam e Tashreeq ke aakhri din tak (yani Eid se le kar chaar (4) din tak) hai.
{Ahkaam ul Quran (Tahhawi): 2 / 206 and Sunan al Kubra (Baihaqi): 9 / 499}
(2) Imam Abu Abdullah al-Mahamili Rahimahullah farmatey hain:
Hasan Basri Rahimahullah kehtey they ke Tashreeq ke tamam dinon mein (yani Eid ul Azha samet chaar dinon: 10, 11, 12, aur 13 Zul-Hijjah mein) Qurbani ki jaye.
(Amaali al Mahamili riwayato ibne Yahya al Bai’, Page No: 89 and Imam Baihaqi ne bhi is ko Sunan al Kubra mein Hammad ke tareeq se naqal kiya hai. Aur iski sanad Sahih hai: 9 / 499)
(3) Imam Baihaqi Rahimahullah farmatey hain:
Umar bin Abdul Aziz Rahimahullah ne kaha hai ke Qurbani Eid ke din aur us ke baad teen (3) din hai (yani poorey chaar din Qurbani hai).
(Sunan al Kubra Lil-Baihaqi: 9 / 499, iski Sanad Sahih hai)
In ke alawah bohot se Taba’een ne chaar (4) din Qurbani ka mauqif ikhtiyar kiya hai.
Chaar Din Qurbani aur Aimma e Arba’a (4 Imam):
Aimma e Arba’a (yani 4 Imam) mein se Imam Shafi'ee Rahimahullah ne chaar (4) din ki Qurbani ka wazeh mauqif ikhtiyar kiya hai. Aap ke mauqif se mutalliq upar Imam Nawawi Rahimahullah ka qaul guzar chuka hai jis mein char (4) din ki Qurbani ka zikr hai. Imam Shafi'ee Rahimahullah ne apni kitaab “Al-Umm” mein Qurbani ka aakhri waqt zikr kartey huwe likha hai:
فَإِذَا غَابَتْ الشَّمْسُ مِنْ آخِرِ أَيَّامِ التَّشْرِيقِ ، ثُمَّ ضَحَّى أَحَدٌ ، فَلَا ضَحِيَّةَ لَهُ
Tarjumah: Jab Ayyam e Tashreeq ke aakhri din (yani 13 Zul-Hijjah) ko sooraj doob jaaye phir uske baad koi Qurbani karey to us ki Qurbani nahi hogi.
{Kitab ul Umm (Shafi'ee): 2 / 244}
Aur aik qaul ke mutabiq Imam Ahmed bin Hambal Rahimahullah ka bhi yahi maslak maloom hota hai. Baqi Imam Abu Hanifah Rahimahullah ki taraf teen (3) din ki Qurbani mansoob ki jati hai, isi tarah Imam Maalik ka mauqif bhi teen (3) din Qurbani ka hai.
Aayaat, Ahadees, Sahaba ke Aasaar, Taba’een aur Imamon ke alawah ulama ki aik badi tadaad chaar (4) din ki Qurbani ke qaail (قائل) hain. Un ki list bohot lambi hai un mein se kuch ke naam neechey zikr kiye jaa rahey hain:
Imam Ibn e Munzir, Imam Baihaqi, Imam Nawawi, Sheikh ul Islam Ibn e Taimiyah, Imam Ibn e Qaiyim, Imam Ibn e Kaseer aur Imam Shaukaani Rahimahumullah wagera. Article lamba na ho jaaye is darr se yahan un ke aqwaal aur mazeed ulama ke naam bayan nahi kiye ja rahey hain.
Teen Din Qurbani Ka Jaizah:
Ahnaaf ke nazdeek Qurbani sirf teen (3) din hi jaayez hai, unhon ne apney mauqif ki ta’eed (support) mein kuch daleelein paish ki hain, yahan un ka jaizah paish kiya jaa raha hai:
مَنْ ضَحَّى مِنْكُمْ فَلاَ يُصْبِحَنَّ بَعْدَ ثَالِثَةٍ وَفِي بَيْتِهِ مِنْهُ شَىْءٌ
Tarjumah: Jis ne tum mein se Qurbani ki to teesrey din wo is halat mein subah karey ki uske ghar mein Qurbani ke gosht mein se kuch bhi na ho. (yani teen din ke baad apney ghar mein gosht na rakhey)
(Sahih Bukhari: 5569 and Sahih Muslim: 1974)
Is Hadees se istedlaal kiya jaata hai (yani is Hadees se yeh daleel di jaati hai) ke is mein sirf teen (3) din Qurbani ka gosht rakhney ka hukm hai is liye is se saabit hota hai ke Qurbani teen (3) din hai.
Is ka jawab yeh hai ke Pehli baat is mein gosht jama (store) karney se mana kiya gya hai na ke teen (3) din se ziyadah Qurbani karney se mana kiya gya hai. Doosri baat yeh ki is Hadees ke aagey ke alfaaz mein khud hi is ishkaal ka jawab mil jata hai.
فَلَمَّا كَانَ الْعَامُ الْمُقْبِلُ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ نَفْعَلُ كَمَا فَعَلْنَا عَامَ الْمَاضِي قَالَ " كُلُوا وَأَطْعِمُوا وَادَّخِرُوا فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ الْعَامَ كَانَ بِالنَّاسِ جَهْدٌ فَأَرَدْتُ أَنْ تُعِينُوا فِيهَا
Tarjumah: Us ke baad wala saal aaya to Sahab ne kaha ki Aye Allah ke Rasool! Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam: Kya hum is saal bhi pichley saal (last year) ki tarah hi karen? To RasoolAllah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne farmaya: Khao, khilaao aur jama (store) karo kiyunki pichley saal to logon ko tangi thi isliye mein ne chaha ke tum logon ki is tangi mein madad karo.
(Sahih Bukhari: 5569 and Sahih Muslim: 1974)
Is ke alawah Sahaba ke kuch aasaar zikr kiye jatey hain jo sabit nahi hain.
Hatmi (Conclusive, last) faisla sunaatey huwe yeh kaha jaayega ke Qurani Aayaat, Sahih Ahadees aur aksar Salaf e Saliheen se isi baat ka suboot milta hai ke Qurbani ke poorey chaar (4) din hain. Jamaat e Ahl e Hadees ka yahi muttafiqah mauqif hai. Hindustan ke ulama ke alawah Pakistan aur Arab ke badey badey ulama ne bhi isi raaye (opinion) ki sarahat ki hai (yani isi opinion ko ikhtiyaar kiya hai). Majlis kibaar ul ulama, Saudi Arab ka bhi yahi Fatwa hai .
Allah Taala hamein haq baat kehnay, haq baat sunney aur us ke mutabiq amal karney ki taufeeq ata farmaaye. Aameeen
Romanised By: Umar Asari
